Glossary
This page provides a list of glossary terms used in this guide.
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The merchant acquirer or bank that offers the merchant a trading account, to enable the merchant to take payments in store or online from cardholders.
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This includes checks to confirm the cardholder identity, such as PIN, CVV2 and CAVV.
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Stage where a merchant requests approval for a card payment by sending a request to the card issuer to check that the card is valid, and that the requested authorisation amount is available on the card. At this stage the funds are not deducted from the card.
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A BIN attack is a type of BIN scamming in which a fraudster takes the first six numbers and runs software to generate the rest of the numbers. After the fraudster identifies a full account number, they will test it via credit card testing.
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Card payment network, such as MasterCard or Visa, responsible for managing transactions over the network and for arbitration of any disputes.
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Where a cardholder disputes a transaction on their account and is unable to resolve directly with the merchant, they can raise a chargeback with their card issuer. The chargeback must be for a legitimate reason, such as goods and services not received, faulty goods, or a fraudulent transaction.
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Thredd receive batch clearing files from the card networks, containing clearing transactions, such as presentments and network fees. The card issuer (BIN sponsor) transfers the requested settlement amount to the acquirer and 'clears' the amount on the card, reducing the available card balance accordingly.
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The External Host Interface provides a facility to enable exchange of data between Thredd and external systems via our web services. All transaction data processed by Thredd is transferred to the External Host side via EHI in real time. For certain types of transactions, such as Authorisations, the External Host can participate in payment transaction authorisation.
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The Interbank Card Association Number (ICA) is a five-digit number assigned by MasterCard to a financial institution, third-party processor or other member to identify the member in the transaction.
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The card issuer, typically a financial organisation authorised to issue cards. The issuer has a direct relationship with the relevant Card Scheme (payment network).
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The shop or store providing a product or service that the cardholder is purchasing. A merchant must have a merchant account, provided by their acquirer, in order to trade. Physical stores use a terminal or card reader to request authorisation for transactions. Online sites provide an online shopping basket and use a payment service provider to process their payments.
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A unique identifier of the merchant, to identity the type of account provided to them by their acquirer.
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An encryption program that provides cryptographic privacy and authentication for data communication.
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A Thredd customer who manages a card program. The program manager can create branded cards, load funds and provide other card or banking services to their end customers.
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Quarterly Management Report which Issuers (BIN sponsors) send to their Card Scheme (payment network) on a quarterly basis. Contact your Scheme for details.
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Secure File Transfer Protocol. File Transfer Protocol FTP) is a popular unencrypted method of transferring files between two remote systems. SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol, or Secure File Transfer Protocol) is a separate protocol packaged with SSH that works in a similar way but over a secure connection.
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Smart Client is Thredd's legacy desktop for managing your account on the Thredd Thredd Platform. Smart Client is installed as a desktop application and requires a secure connection to Thredd systems in order to be able to access your account.
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Thredd Portal is Thredd's new web application for managing your cards and transactions on the Thredd Platform.
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A UTC Balance XML Report allows a client to receive reports from Thredd at preset UTC times.